What are three common treatments for heartburn?

• A. Antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors
• B. Antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals
• C. Corticosteroids, antihistamines, and decongestants
• D. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy

Answer: (A)

Heartburn is caused by acid from the stomach irritating the esophagus, so treatments focus on reducing or neutralizing that acid. Antacids provide quick, temporary relief by neutralizing acid in the stomach. H2 blockers decrease acid production by blocking histamine H2 receptors on stomach parietal cells. Proton pump inhibitors shut down the final step of acid secretion in the stomach, offering strong and longer-lasting acid suppression. Using these three classes covers immediate relief and longer-term control of symptoms, which is why they’re commonly used for heartburn and related reflux.

The other options aren’t appropriate for heartburn: antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals target infections; corticosteroids, antihistamines, and decongestants address inflammatory or allergic/upper-airway issues; and surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are treatments for cancer or other serious conditions, not typical heartburn management.